Ankle sprains are one of the most common musculoskeletal problems, and ankle pain is a very widespread complaint caused by various factors.

An ankle sprain occurs when the ankle moves suddenly and in a direction that it is not accustomed to, resulting in high pressure on the joint.

After frequent ankle sprains, persistent and recurrent pain may develop in the ankle. However, other conditions can also lead to chronic ankle pain.

In an ankle sprain, the ligaments that are responsible for stabilizing the ankle on both the inner and outer sides are typically damaged. Depending on the severity of the sprain, bone injuries may also develop as a result.

Around 90% of ankle sprains occur when the ankle turns outward and is overstretched.

When an ankle sprain happens, the first thing to do is to avoid putting weight on the foot and to apply a cold compress using ice. Elevating the leg can help reduce swelling. To determine whether there is a bone injury accompanying the sprain, it is important to consult an orthopedic specialist as soon as possible.

In about 10% of ankle sprains, recurring sprains can develop as a complaint.

Another condition that can cause ankle pain is tendon inflammation. Tendonitis (tendon inflammation) can occur in the Achilles tendon, posterior tibial tendon, or peroneal tendon. Known as “athlete’s foot,” tendonitis can result from overexertion or sudden movements, but it can also be caused by rheumatic diseases.

Apart from sprains and tendon inflammation, there are other diseases that can cause ankle pain. These include rheumatism, joint inflammation, reactive arthritis, gout arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis. These conditions can be diagnosed through blood tests, and each requires different treatment methods.

Although rare, bacterial joint infections in the ankle can also cause pain. Additionally, issues in the nerves, blood vessels, or heel near the ankle can present as ankle pain.